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Excel Functions

Excel has hundreds of built-in functions that will let you analyze, manipulate, and model data in any way you can imagine, but the key is knowing which functions exist and how to use them. Read through the following functions, shortcuts, and tips so that you are familiar with Excel's functionality.

Absolute References in Excel

Absolute References are used in Excel to reference the same cells in a formula, no matter where the formula is copied.

Absolute References in Excel →

AVERAGE Function

The AVERAGE Function in Excel returns the average, or arithmetic mean, of a group of numbers.

AVERAGE Function →

Bold, Italics, Underline, and Strikethrough Keyboard Shortcuts

Learn the keyboard shortcuts to apply bold, italics, underline, and strikethrough formatting to text in Excel.

Bold, Italics, Underline, & Strikethrough Keyboard Shortcuts →

CONCAT Function

The CONCAT Function in Excel joins multiple pieces of text, or "strings," into one string of text.

CONCAT Function →

COUNT Function

The COUNT Function in Excel returns the number of cells which contain numerical values.

COUNT Function →

COUNTIF Function

The COUNTIF Function in Excel returns the number of cells in a specified range which meet one certain criteria.

COUNTIF Function →

COUNTIFS Function

The COUNTIFS Function is similar to the COUNTIF function, but it returns the number of cells in a specified range which meet multiple criteria.

COUNTIFS Function →

Drop Down Lists

Learn how to create drop down lists in Excel using data validation.

Drop Down Lists →

Extract the First Word From Text

Learn how to use Excel functions to extract the first word from a string of text.

Extract First Word From Text →

Extract the Last Word From Text

Learn how to use functions to extract the last word from any string of text in Excel, no matter the length.

Extract Last Word From Text →

FIND Function

The FIND Function in Excel searches for a case-specific substring within a string of text and returns the substring's position.

FIND Function →

HLOOKUP Function

The HLOOKUP Function in Excel returns a corresponding value beneath a specified lookup value in a horizontal table.

HLOOKUP Function →

How to Write a Formula in Excel

Learn how to write a formula in Excel, starting with the basics.

How to Write an Excel Formula →

Format Painter

The Format Painter in Excel lets you quickly and easily copy formatting from one cell to another.

Format Painter →

IF Function

The IF Function in Excel lets you add logical decisions to your Excel spreadsheet, and return different values based on whether a condition is true or false.

IF Function →

IFS Function

The IFS Function in Excel evaluates a list of logical decisions and returns a value corresponding with the first true condition.

IFS Function →

Indeed Excel Assessment

Learn how to ace the Excel assessment for Indeed, one of the leading job search sites. The article includes practice questions like those you will see on the assessment.

Indeed Excel Assessment Practice →

INDEX Function

The INDEX Function in Excel returns the value from a cell in a list at a specified position.

INDEX Function →

LARGE & SMALL Functions

The LARGE and SMALL Functions in Excel return the nth largest and nth smallest values, respectively, from a group of numerical values, such as the 2nd largest, or the 3rd smallest values.

LARGE & SMALL Functions →

LEFT Function

The LEFT Function in Excel returns a string of text consisting of the specified number of the leftmost characters of another string of text.

LEFT Function →

LEN Function

The LEN Function in Excel returns the length of a text string in number of characters.

LEN Function →

LEN, LEFT, RIGHT, MID Functions

The LEN, LEFT, RIGHT, and MID Functions in Excel return different sections of a string of text, such as the leftmost 5 characters, or other slices of text.

LEN, LEFT, RIGHT, MID Functions →

Logical Functions (AND, OR, XOR, NOT)

The AND, OR, XOR, and NOT functions in Excel return true or false based on different combinations of conditions.

Logical Functions →

Logical Operators

Logical Operators in Excel (greater than, less than, equal to, and others) compare two values and return true or false depending on the values and the operator used. They form the foundation of logical functions.

Logical Operators →

MATCH Function

The MATCH Function in Excel returns the position of a specified value in a list. MATCH is often paired with INDEX to create a lookup more flexible than VLOOKUP.

MATCH Function →

MID Function

The MID Function in Excel returns a substring of text from within the middle of a larger string of text.

MID Function →

MIN & MAX Functions

The MIN & MAX Functions in Excel return the minimum and maximum numerical values, respectively, from a group of numbers.

MIN & MAX Functions →

MO-200 Exam

Learn how to pass the MO-200, Microsoft's most popular Excel certification exam.

MO-200 Practice →

MO-201 Exam

Learn how to pass the MO-201, Microsoft's advanced Excel certification exam.

MO-201 Practice →

SUBSTITUTE Function

The SUBSTITUTE Function in Excel replaces a string of text with another string of text.

SUBSTITUTE Function →

SUM Function

The SUM Function in Excel returns the sum of multiple numbers.

SUM Function →

SUMIF Function

The SUMIF Function in Excel returns the sum of numerical values which meet a single user-specified criterion.

SUMIF Function →

SUMIFS Function

The SUMIFS Function in Excel returns the sum of numerical values which meet multiple user-specified criteria.

SUMIFS Function →

TEXTJOIN Function

The TEXTJOIN Function in Excel combines multiple strings of text into a single string with a common delimiter or separator between each original string of text.

TEXTJOIN Function →

TODAY Function

The TODAY Function in Excel returns the current date.

TODAY Function →

UPPER, LOWER, PROPER Functions

The UPPER, LOWER, and PROPER Functions in Excel change the case of text to uppercase, lowercase, and proper case.

UPPER, LOWER, PROPER Functions →

VLOOKUP Function

The VLOOKUP Function in Excel returns a corresponding value to the right of a specified lookup value in a vertical table.

VLOOKUP Function →

Wildcard Characters

Wildcard characters serve as a placeholder for characters when searching for text in Excel. Combine them with functions when searching for partial text matches.

Wildcard Characters →

XLOOKUP Function

The XLOOKUP Function in Excel returns a corresponding value from a vertical or horizontal table, combining VLOOKUP and HLOOKUP.

XLOOKUP Function →